Attributes { crs { String grid_mapping_name "latitude_longitude"; String long_name "CRS definition"; Float64 longitude_of_prime_meridian 0.000000000000000; Float64 semi_major_axis 6378137.000000000; Float64 inverse_flattening 298.2572235630000; String spatial_ref "GEOGCS[\"WGS 84\",DATUM[\"WGS_1984\",SPHEROID[\"WGS 84\",6378137,298.257223563,AUTHORITY[\"EPSG\",\"7030\"]],AUTHORITY[\"EPSG\",\"6326\"]],PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0],UNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433,AUTHORITY[\"EPSG\",\"9122\"]],AXIS[\"Latitude\",NORTH],AXIS[\"Longitude\",EAST],AUTHORITY[\"EPSG\",\"4326\"]]"; String GeoTransform "-179.5512493018 0.008333333300000001 0 74.9495832122 0 -0.008333333300000001 "; Int32 string_length 1; } lat { String standard_name "latitude"; String long_name "latitude"; String units "degrees_north"; } lon { String standard_name "longitude"; String long_name "longitude"; String units "degrees_east"; } SurfaceNO2 { String long_name "Annual average, surface-level nitrogen dioxide concentrations"; Float32 _FillValue -999.000000; String grid_mapping "crs"; String units "ppbv"; } NC_GLOBAL { String GDAL_AREA_OR_POINT "Area"; String Conventions "CF-1.5"; String GDAL "GDAL 3.1.2, released 2020/07/07"; String title "Nitrogen Dioxide Surface-Level Annual Average Concentrations"; String NCO "netCDF Operators version 4.9.3 (Homepage = http://nco.sf.net, Code = http://github.com/nco/nco)"; String institution "George Washington University, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health"; String source "A land-use regression model (based on 5220 NO2 monitors in 58 countries and land use variables) estimates nitrogen dioxide concentrations for 2010-12. NO2 column densities from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument and MERRA-2 scale the concentrations to other years between 1990 and 2020."; String references "Anenberg, S. C., Mohegh, A., Goldberg, D. L., Kerr, G. H., Brauer, M., Burkart, K., et al. (2022). Long-term trends in urban NO2 concentrations and associated paediatric asthma incidence: estimates from global datasets. Lancet Planetary Health. 6(1): e49-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2542-5196(21)00255-2"; String ShortName "SFC_NITROGEN_DIOXIDE_CONC"; String LongName "Nitrogen Dioxide Surface-Level Annual Average Concentrations"; String Format "netCDF"; String DataSetQuality "The model captures 54% of global NO2 variation with a mean absolute error of 3.7 ppb. Model performance is higher in South America (R2=0.67) and North America, Europe, and Asia (R2=0.52) than in Africa (R2=0.42). Anenberg, Mohegh, et al. (2022 Lancet Planetary Health) compare the dataset in 2019 to observed concentrations from 4348 monitors in the United States, Canada, and Europe in both urban and rurals areas."; String IdentifierProductDOI "10.5067/J99FI2U38YRN"; String ProcessingLevel "4"; String RangeBeginningDate "2008-01-01"; String RangeBeginningTime "00:00:00.000000Z"; String RangeEndingDate "2008-12-31"; String RangeEndingTime "23:59:59.999999Z"; Float32 SouthBoundingCoordinate -60.0000000; Float32 NorthBoundingCoordinate 75.0000000; Float32 WestBoundingCoordinate -180.000000; Float32 EastBoundingCoordinate 180.000000; String history "2023-02-04 12:23:14 - original file generated using NCO version 4.8.1"; String VersionID "1.0"; } }